Asparagales


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Asparagales
Fossil range: 100 Ma
↓
middle Cretaceous - Recent
Asparagus officinalis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Bromhead
Families

See text

Asparagales is an order of flowering plants. The order must include the family Asparagaceae, but other families included in the order have varied markedly between different classifications. No one is sure, but it is supposed that this group of plants evolved between late and early Cretaceous. But because of the difficult classification of the families it's not entirely certain when they evolved.

Contents

APG II system

The APG II system of 2003, places the order in the clade monocots and uses the following circumscription:

Note: "+ ..." = optional segregrate family, that may be split off from the preceding family.

APG II has consolidated some of the families in the earlier APG system, while recognizing an alternative, that allows smaller families to be seggregated and still follow the 'APG system'. Under the new classification system a taxonomist could, for example, correctly choose to include the daylilies (Hemerocallis) in family Hemerocallidaceae, or in family Xanthorrhoeaceae.

APG system (1998)

The APG system of 1998 also placed the order in the clade monocots but used this circumscription:

Kubitzki system

The volume (1998) in the Kubitzki series of reference books on vascular plants used this circumscription:

  • order Asparagales
    family Agapanthaceae
    family Agavaceae
    family Alliaceae
    family Amaryllidaceae
    family Anemarrhenaceae
    family Anthericaceae
    family Aphyllanthaceae
    family Asparagaceae
    family Asphodelaceae
    family Asteliaceae
    family Behniaceae
    family Blandfordiaceae
    family Boryaceae
    family Convallariaceae
    family Doryanthaceae
    family Dracaenaceae
    family Eriospermaceae
    family Hemerocallidaceae
    family Herreriaceae
    family Hyacinthaceae
    family Hostaceae
    family Hypoxidaceae
    family Iridaceae
    family Ixioliriaceae
    family Johnsoniaceae
    family Lanariaceae
    family Lomandraceae
    family Nolinaceae
    family Orchidaceae
    family Ruscaceae
    family Tecophilaeaceae
    family Themidaceae
    family Xanthorrhoeaceae

Dahlgren system

The Dahlgren system placed the order in superorder Lilianae in subclass Liliidae [= monocotyledons] of class Magnoliopsida [= angiosperms] and used this circumscription:

  • order Asparagales
    family Agavaceae
    family Alliaceae
    family Amaryllidaceae
    family Anthericaceae
    family Aphyllanthaceae
    family Asparagaceae
    family Asphodelaceae
    family Asteliaceae
    family Blandfordiaceae
    family Calectasiaceae
    family Convallariaceae
    family Cyanastraceae
    family Dasypogonaceae
    family Doryanthaceae
    family Dracaenaceae
    family Eriospermaceae
    family Hemerocallidaceae
    family Herreriaceae
    family Hostaceae
    family Hyacinthaceae
    family Hypoxidaceae
    family Ixioliriaceae
    family Lanariaceae
    family Luzuriagaceae
    family Nolinaceae
    family Philesiaceae
    family Phormiaceae
    family Ruscaceae
    family Tecophilaeaceae
    family Xanthorrhoeaceae

Other systems

The Cronquist system did not recognise the order, and placed many of the plants involved in order Liliales (in subclass Liliidae in class Liliopsida [= monocotyledons]). Some genera were even included in family Liliaceae.

The Wettstein system, last revision of 1935, did not recognise such an order, and placed many of the plants involved in order Liliiflorae in class Monocotyledones.

References

  • Kubitzki, K. (1998). Conspectus of Families treated in this Volume. In: Kubitzki, K.(Editor): The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Vol.3. Springer-Verlag. Berlin, Germany. ISBN 3-540-64060-6

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